Narrative Universality

The distinction between stories about the human experience that happen to feature diverse casts, and titles whose premise centers a specific identity experience — measured, not judged.

2,073
Titles Assessed
7.89
Avg Universality
out of 10
7.22
Avg Character Agency
out of 10
1.08
Avg Self-Congratulation
out of 5

Identity Centrality Distribution

Audience Inclusivity Distribution

Studio Comparison

Which studios tell universal human stories and which center identity-driven premises?

Studio comparison of universality, agency, self-congratulation, and advocacy scores
StudioTitlesUniversalityAgencySelf-CongratsAdvocacy
Paramount Television2
7.5
7.5
1.5
19.5
BioWare5
7.6
8.2
1.6
15.6
Capcom3
8
8.67
1
4.67
Square Enix Creative Business Unit I3
8.33
8.67
1.33
9.67
Capcom Development Division 14
8.5
9
1
2.75
Naughty Dog6
8.83
9
1
1.67
CoMix Wave Films3
9
7
1
2
Science SARU3
9
7
1
2
Studio Ghibli3
9
7
1
2
Trigger2
9
7
1
2
Studio Chizu3
9
7
1
2
Supergiant Games2
9
9
1
1
tobyfox2
9
9
1
1
Blizzard Entertainment3
9
9
1
0
Production I.G2
9
7
1
2
Lerche2
9
7
1
2
Lucas Pope2
9
9
1
0
P.A. Works2
9
7
1
2
Firaxis Games2
9
9
1
0
Nintendo Entertainment Planning & Development2
9
9
1
1
Frictional Games2
9
9
1
0
Playdead2
9
9
1
0
Looking Glass Studios2
9
9
1
0
Team Ico2
9
9
1
0
A-1 Pictures11
9
7
1
2
FromSoftware2
9
9
1
0
BioWare Edmonton3
9
9
1
0
Konami Computer Entertainment Japan3
9
9
1
0
PlatinumGames2
9
9
1
1
Atlus3
9
9
1
0.67
White Fox2
9
7
1
2
Sunrise4
9
7
1
2
Bones7
9
7
1
2
MAPPA6
9
7
1
2
Toei Animation6
9
7
1
2
Madhouse16
9
7
1
2
Manglobe2
9
7
1
2
Pierrot2
9
7
1
1
TMS Entertainment3
9
7
1
2
CloverWorks4
9
7
1
2
Kinema Citrus2
9
7
1
2
Kyoto Animation4
9
7
1
2
J.C.Staff4
9
7
1
2
Square Product Development Division 12
9
9
1
0

All Assessed Titles

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What We Measure

Narrative Universality (1-10)

Does the core story work regardless of character demographics? A 10 means the story is about human experiences that transcend identity. A 1 means identity IS the story — the premise only exists to make a demographic statement.

Identity Centrality

Incidental — identity is just who characters are. Present — identity is acknowledged but not the focus. Prominent — identity shapes the narrative significantly. Thesis — identity IS the reason the show exists.

Audience Inclusivity

Does the content invite all audiences in? Universal content connects across demographics. Exclusionary content deliberately alienates or antagonizes groups while congratulating itself for doing so.

Character Agency (1-10)

Do characters have real agency, accountability, and growth? Or are they defined primarily by victimhood, with the narrative removing their accountability? High agency means characters are treated as full human beings.

Self-Congratulatory Messaging (1-5)

How much does the content pat itself on the back for its own progressiveness? A 1 means the story speaks for itself. A 5 means the messaging IS the point — the content exists to signal virtue rather than tell a story.


Narrative universality asks a question about the story rather than the cast: does a title tell a broadly human story that invites any viewer in, or is identity the thesis of the work itself? WhatSphere scores universality on a 0-to-10 scale, alongside how central identity is to the narrative and how inclusive the story is of a general audience. Across the catalog 2,073 titles have been assessed, with an average universality of 7.9 out of 10.

The distinction this measure draws is not between titles that have identity and titles that do not — nearly all stories touch it — but between identity as a texture of a universal story and identity as the central argument a story is making. Both are legitimate; they are simply different, and the score keeps them distinguishable instead of collapsing them.

How WhatSphere measures this

Three related fields do the work. Universality rates how broadly a story’s themes reach beyond any one group. Identity centrality places a title on a scale from incidental — identity is present but not the point — through prominent to thesis, where identity is the organising argument. Audience inclusivity rates whether the story reads as universal, broadly inviting, demographically targeted, or exclusionary. A separate self-congratulatory measure flags messaging that appears aimed at affirming the audience rather than telling a story. Every figure here is generated by WhatSphere’s scoring model, not by a critic’s judgement. Scores describe who a title appears to be made for and how its content is composed; they are not ratings of quality, and a higher or lower number is never a verdict on whether a title is good.

What the data shows

The catalog skews strongly universal. The overwhelming majority of assessed titles — 1,880 of 2,073 — fall in the incidental band, where identity is present but not the narrative’s thesis, and these titles carry the highest average universality (8.0 out of 10). As identity centrality rises toward thesis, average universality falls in an orderly, monotonic step — the small thesis group (18 titles) averages 3.8. That is the expected relationship and a good check that the two measures are capturing what they should.

Two things temper any over-reading. First, the self-congratulatory measure averages very low across the catalog (1.1 out of 5), so messaging that exists mainly to flatter its audience is rare, not pervasive. Second, the high-centrality and exclusionary bands hold only a handful of titles each, while the universal and broadly-inviting inclusivity bands together account for the large majority. The catalog’s centre of gravity is universal, broadly inviting stories — not identity-thesis content, which sits at the thin end of the distribution.

Caveats and limitations

Of every measure in the catalog this is the most interpretive: it reads the emphasis of a narrative, which is a harder thing to score than a cast tally and carries more model judgement. The thesis and exclusionary bands are very small, so their averages are fragile and should be treated as indicative rather than precise. And a low universality score is a description of a story’s scope, not a criticism — a deliberately specific, identity-centred story is doing something valid that this scale simply marks as less universal, with no quality judgement attached.

Why it matters

Few debates generate more heat and less measurement than whether stories have become message-first. Scoring universality, identity centrality, and self-congratulation separately — and finding that the catalog is dominated by broadly universal stories with rare identity-thesis outliers — lets a reader replace a vibe with a distribution. It also keeps the most interpretive of the catalog’s measures honest about its own limits, marking a deliberately specific, identity-centred story as less universal in scope without ever implying it is less worthwhile. The titles linked below span the range from incidental to thesis; each page shows where the story falls and on what basis.

Titles in this analysis

Explore the data behind this analysis across 24 title pages.

Brokeback Mountain (2005)Deliveries (2003)She-Hulk: Attorney at Law (2022)Emilia Pérez (2024)Masculine (2018)Rotten (2014)¡Hechos, no promesas! (2004)The Wig (2015)Star Trek: Discovery (2017)The Acolyte (2024)Mulan (2020)Ms. Marvel (2022)Dragon Age: The Veilguard (2024)Ironheart (2025)Velma (2023)A Fantastic Woman (2017)Wonder Woman (2017)The Substance (2024)DC's Legends of Tomorrow (2016)Black Panther: Wakanda Forever (2022)Blue Beetle (2023)Wednesday (2022)Aladdin (2019)Chucky (2021)